The political and social changes and protests in North African countries that began in Tunisia and immediately spread to neighboring countries also led to rapid changes in the political sphere in Libya. Although these civil protests led to the fall of Muammar Gaddafi's government, they did not end there, and after the fall of Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, the country entered a period of political chaos and armed conflict. In the meantime, the Muslim Brotherhood emerged as one of the key players in Libyan politics and society. In the post-Gaddafi era, the Muslim Brotherhood took advantage of the lack of centralized national power on the one hand and the acquisition of foreign support, especially from the governments of Qatar and Turkey, on the other, and expanded its political influence by establishing the Justice and Construction Party. The party achieved some success in the initial elections, but competition with nationalist and secular forces led to a decrease in the group's political achievements. The Muslim Brotherhood, with Turkish military support for the group, openly supported the Government of National Accord in the second wave of fighting that occurred in 2014. In contrast, the Libyan National Army (LNA) led by Khalifa Haftar, with support from countries opposed to the Brotherhood such as the UAE, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia, targeted the group with political and military attacks

Keywords: Muslim Brotherhood, civil war, Libya, Türkiye, Gaddafi.

     

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