گونه‌شناسی اختلافات مرزی در قاره آفریقا

4. Adedeji, A (1999). Comprehending and Mastering African Conflicts: The Search of Sustainable Peace and Good Government, London, Zed Books
5. Aladi, D. T. ‘Emerging Trends and Dimensions of the Rwandan Crisis’. African Journal of International Affairs and Development 7, no. 1 (2002): 40–65. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajiad/article/view/27255.
6. Asiwaju, Anthony I. ‘Borders and National Defence: An Analysis’. In Nigeria and Its Immediate Neighbours: Constraints and Prospects of Sub-regional Security in the 1990s, edited by Bassey E. Ate and Bola A. Akinterinwa, 4–15. Lagos: Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, 1992.
7. Bannon, I. and Collier, P. (2003). “Natural Resouces and Conflict: What We Can Do”. In Natural Resources and Violent Conflict. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
8. Berger D. mimeo. New York University; (2009). Taxes, Institutions and Governance: Evidence from Colonial Nigeria.
9. Okumu, W. (2010). Resources and border disputes in Eastern Africa. Journal of Eastern African Studies, 4(2), 279–297. doi:10.1080/17531055.2010.487338
10. Kornprobst, M. (2002). The management of border disputes in African regional sub-systems: comparing West Africa and the Horn of Africa. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 40(03). doi:10.1017/s0022278x02003968
11. Kamazima, Switbert R. (2017). Today’s Border Disagreements, Tomorrow’s Border Disputes: A Case of Rubafu Peninsula on the 1°00´S Tanzania-Uganda Border, International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, Vol. 2 Issue 10, Oct 2017., ISSN 2455-6378.
12. Agnes Neema Kenneth (2016). MEDIATING THE LAKE NYASA BORDER DISPUTE BETWEEN TANZANIA AND MALAWI, Mediating Border Disputes
13. Light, Margot. ‘Problem-solving Workshops: The Role of Scholarship in Conflict Resolution’. In Conflict in World Society: A New Perspective on International Relations, edited by Michael Banks, 1–234. Brighton: Wheatsheaf, 1984.
14. Mamdani M. (1996). Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism. Princeton University Press; Princeton, NJ: 1996
15. Sama, Molem Christopher, and Debora Johnson-Ross. ‘Reclaiming the Bakassi Kingdom: The Anglophone Cameroon–Nigeria Border’. Afrika Zamani, no. 13–14 (2005–2006): 103–122. http://www.codesria.org/ spip.php?article135&lang=en
16. Sumner, Brian Taylor. ‘Territorial Disputes at the International Court of Justice’. Duke Law Journal 53, no. 6 (2004): 1779–1812. http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/dlj/vol53/iss6/3/
17. Sone, P. M. (2017). Interstate border disputes in Africa: Their resolution and implications for human rights and peace. African Security Review, 26(3), 325–339. doi:10.1080/10246029.2017.1294089
18. Gbenenye, Emmanuel M. (2016). African colonial boundaries and nation-building, Inkanyiso, Jnl Hum & Soc Sci 2016, 8(2)
19. Afigbo, A. E. 1990. “External Contacts and Relations: An overview,” in A History of the Cross River Region of Nigeria, ed. Abasiatai, M.B.Calabar: University of Press
20. Asiwaju A.I. 1984. Partioned Africans ethnic nations across Africa’s international boundaries 1884 – 1984. Lagos; University of Lagos Press, 23
21. Ojo Orwa, et al. 1987. Causes of conflict in the relations of African states in African international relations. New York: Longman
22. Mandel, R. (1980). Roots of the Modern Interstate Border Dispute. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 24(3), 427–454. doi:10.1177/002200278002400303
23. Okoli, Al Chukwuma, Elias Chukwuemeka Ngwu (2019). Borderlines, Natural Resources and Conflicts, See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335005027
24. Asiwaju, A.I. (1984), The Conceptual Framework, in Asiwaju, A.I., Partitioned Africans: Ethnic Relations Across Africa’s International Boundaries 1884-1984, London, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, p. 3.
25. Instituto Del Tercer Mundo (1977). The World Guide, 1997/98, Oxford, New Internationalist Publications Ltd.
26. Aremu, Johnson Olaosebikan (2010). Conflicts in Africa: Meaning, Causes, Impact and Solution, An International Multi-Disciplinary Journal, Ethiopia Vol. 4 (4), Serial No. 17, October, 2010
27. Bujra Abdalla (2002). African Conflicts: Their Causes and Their Political and Social Environment, 2002 by Development Policy Management Forum (DPMF)
28. Roy Love (2006): Religion, Ideology & Conflict in Africa, Review of African Political Economy, 33:110, 619-634, https://doi.org/10.1080/03056240601118986.
29. Hutchinson, Sharon Elaine (2005), ‘Spiritual Fragments of an Unfinished War’ in Kastfelt, Religion and African Civil Wars, London: Hurst.
30. Kastfelt, Niels (ed.) (2005), Religion and African Civil Wars, London: Hurst.
31. Longman, Timothy (2005), ‘Churches and Social Upheaval in Rwanda and Burundi: Explaining Failures to Oppose Ethnic Violence’ in Kastfelt, Religion and African Civil Wars, London: Hurst.
32. Annan Kofi, A Championing Africa’s Renaissance, Inaugural Golden Jubilee Lecture, at the Accra International Conference Centre, Accra January 26, 2007
33. Africa Focus Bulletin, Apr 14, 2006, Africa: Stolen Wealth, accessed at http://www.africa.upenn.edu/afrfocus/afrifocus041406.html
34. Mohammed N.A.L. (1997) Environmental Conflict in Africa. In: Gleditsch N.P. (eds) Conflict and the Environment. NATO ASI Series (Series 2: Environment), vol 33. Springer, Dordrecht, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8947-5_9.
35. Grawert, E. (2008). Cross-border Dynamics of Violent Conflict. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 43(6), 595–614. doi:10.1177/0021909608096656
36. Osayande, Augustine 2014: West Africa: ECOWAS Reviews Free Movement Protocol, in: http://allafrica. com/stories/201405160230.html [13 Feb 2017].
37. Pokoo, Kwesi Aning, John (2017). Between Conflict and Integration Border Governance in Africa in Times of Migration, See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316684990
38. Strachan, Anna Louise (2017). Cross-border conflict drivers/breaks across Sudan, Egypt, and Jordan,
39. Strachan, A.L. (2016). ). Rapid fragility and migration assessment for Sudan (Rapid Literature Review). Birmingham, UK: GSDRC, University of Birmingham. Retrieved from: http://www.gsdrc.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Fragility_Migration_Sudan.pdf
40. Regional Mixed Migration Secretariat (RMMS). (2016). Young and on the move: Children and youth in mixed migration flows within and from the Horn of Africa. Nairobi: RMMS. Retrieved from: http://www.regionalmms.org/images/ResearchInitiatives/Young and on the Move Sep 2016.pdf
41. Nunn N.(2008). The Long Term Effects of Africa’s Slave Trades. Quarterly Journal of Economics. 2008;123(1):139–176.
42. Huillery E. (2009). History Matters: The Long Term Impact of Colonial Public Investments in French West Africa. American Economic Journal - Applied Economics. 2009;1(2):176–215.
43. Arbesu HAL. mimeo. MIT; (2011). Colonialism and Economic Development: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Colonial Nigeria
44. Stelios Michalopoulos, Elias Papaioannou (2014). Pre-colonial Ethnic Institutions and Contemporary African Development, Econometrica. 2013 Jan; 81(1): 113–152. doi: 10.3982/ECTA9613.
45. Michalopoulos, Stelios, Elias Papaioannou (2011). The Long-Run Effects of the Scramble for Africa,