تحلیل سیستمی دیپلماسی نظامی و امنیتی چین در آفریقا

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسنده
دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
چکیده:

افزایش توان و ظرفیت چین و چشم­‌اندازی که رهبران آن برای آینده جایگاه این کشور متصورند در رویکردهای حاکم بر سیاست خارجی چین و به تبع آن سیاست آفریقایی این کشور نقش برجسته‌­ا‌ی ایفاء می­‌کنند. به این معنا که هم‌زمان با افزایش قدرت چین، صحنه کنشگری این کشور نه فقط در محیط پیرامون که به کل نظام بین­‌الملل گسترش یافته است. اگرچه برای دهه­‌های متمادی تمرکز این کشور بر توسعه تعاملات اقتصادی و تجاری بوده، اما به تدریج، تغییراتی در کنشگری نظامی و امنیتی آن نیز صورت گرفته است. در این زمینه، این پرسش مهم را می‌­توان مطرح کرد که چگونه می‌توان ویژگی­‌های کنونی دیپلماسی نظامی و امنیتی چین در آفریقا را مورد تبیین و ارزیابی قرار داد؟ در پاسخ می‌­توان گفت پکن از طریق دیپلماسی نظامی و امنیتی با مشخصه‌های چینی، به دنبال به تصویر کشیدن خود به عنوان یک کنشگر امنیت‌ساز است تا بدین وسیله در کنار افزایش حضور و نفوذ اقتصادی، به تضعیف تدریجی مشروعیت نظم بین‌­المللی کنونی به رهبری آمریکا پرداخته و در عین حال، نقش خود در تنظیم دستورکارها و هنجارسازی بین‌­المللی در حوزه امنیت را ارتقاء دهد. هرچند این روند به معنای نادیده گرفتن شکاف قدرت موجود و اتخاذ رویکرد تجدیدنظرطلبانه در نظام بین‌­الملل نخواهد بود. این پژوهش با استفاده از روش توصیفی تحلیلی به بررسی ساختار کنونی نظام بین­‌الملل و تأثیر آن بر دیپلماسی نظامی و امنیتی چین در آفریقا می‌­پردازد.


کلیدواژه‌ها

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